01

Short answer

Use actual annual mileage and the contract excess-mile price. Return charges are uncertain: test zero, central and cautious amounts without presenting them as a forecast.

02

Important variables

  • Equal holding period and mileage
  • Net sale proceeds and contract cost
  • Energy, maintenance and insurance
  • Liquidity and finance rate
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03

Worked example

3,000 excess kilometres at €0.19 cost €570. A return-cost range from €0 to €1,200 shows whether the lease advantage remains robust.

04

Break-even: What changes the result?

Test the main driver as a cautious, central and optimistic range. Also check whether the ranking reverses at a crossover or remains robust across the range.

05

Common mistakes

  • Comparing monthly payments only
  • Treating resale as certain
  • Omitting one-offs or mileage
07

Sources & assumptions

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